316 papers
Molecular biology explores the tiny machinery inside living cells, revealing how genetic instructions are read, copied, and turned into the proteins that keep us alive. This field acts as a bridge between the static code of DNA and the dynamic processes that drive growth, disease, and life itself, offering insights into everything from cellular repair to the development of new medicines.
On Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv in this category to make these complex discoveries accessible to everyone. Our team processes each submission to provide both clear, plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp the core findings without getting lost in dense academic jargon.
Below are the latest molecular biology papers freshly processed from bioRxiv, ready for you to explore and understand.
This study demonstrates that long-read sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene provides superior taxonomic resolution and a more robust representation of freshwater biofilm communities compared to short-read methods, highlighting the critical impact of sequencing strategy on eDNA-based biomonitoring accuracy.
This study reveals that the conserved long non-coding RNA ACHLYS regulates alternative splicing during Arabidopsis root development by directly interacting with the splicing factor NSRa to modulate its biomolecular condensates and phase separation, thereby fine-tuning the transcriptome output essential for organogenesis.
This study resolves the paradox of cohesin's modest impact on steady-state gene expression by demonstrating that it acts as a transcriptional gatekeeper which simultaneously promotes Pol II recruitment and restrains pause release to ensure transcriptional processivity and robust induction in response to stimuli.
This study demonstrates that the histone chaperone FACT is essential for maintaining active promoter topology by preserving nucleosome integrity to prevent the invasion of chromatin-binding factors, thereby ensuring both local nanoscale domains and large-scale chromatin architecture.
This paper introduces the amyloid packing difference (APD), a metric that quantifies structural variations between amyloid filaments based on unique cross-beta interactions and side chain orientations, demonstrating its ability to effectively distinguish disease-associated protofilament folds of proteins like alpha-synuclein and tau through clustering and specific value thresholds.
This study identifies PARP6 as a cardioprotective enzyme that suppresses cardiac fibrosis by ADP-ribosylating vimentin to inhibit RhoA-mediated actin stress fiber formation and myofibroblast activation.
This study characterizes the structural and functional dynamics of the *Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron* dextran utilisome, revealing its multi-component architecture, substrate binding mechanisms, and conformational states through integrated X-ray crystallography, calorimetry, and cryo-EM analyses.
This study identifies a novel, evolutionarily primordial RAB5 binding site on the VPS15 solenoid of human VPS34 complex II, revealing that the expansion from a single ancestral binding site to two distinct sites likely enhanced membrane association and complex activity to support the development of complex eukaryotic endocytic systems.
A cross-sectional study conducted in Western Oromia, Ethiopia, between January and December 2022, revealed a 21.1% overall prevalence of pneumonic pasteurellosis-causing bacteria (*Pasteurella multocida*, *Mannheimia haemolytica*, and *Bibersteinia trehalosi*) in sheep, with significantly higher infection rates observed in clinically ill and younger animals, underscoring the need for targeted management and molecular surveillance.
This paper presents a multi-modal AI/ML framework utilizing Graph Convolutional Networks to integrate global and local protein descriptors, thereby improving the accuracy of protein conformation selection and prediction for drug discovery applications.